Justicia Climática

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Un enfoque liderado por las comunidades para la transición energética justa

En todo el mundo estamos enfrentando las consecuencias dramáticas del cambio climático originado en la era industrial (desde sequías extremas hasta inundaciones y olas de calor), que están desplazando a comunidades, destruyendo sus medios de vida y amenazando los ecosistemas.

Para mitigar y evitar los peores efectos del cambio climático, líderes mundiales y responsables de políticas públicas han llamado a realizar transformaciones estructurales profundas y avanzar hacia una “transición energética justa”. Países e instituciones de todo el planeta están ampliando soluciones de energía renovable y de bajas emisiones de carbono, al tiempo que eliminan gradualmente los combustibles fósiles. Sin embargo, detrás de los eslóganes sobre “finanzas climáticas”, “crecimiento verde” y “sostenibilidad”, el enfoque actual de la transición energética justa está plagado de contradicciones, ya que se ha utilizado como cortina de humo para continuar impulsando un modelo neoliberal y extractivista.

Los bancos públicos de desarrollo están promoviendo proyectos a gran escala y falsas soluciones — como el hidrógeno verde, la geotermia o las plantas nucleares — que no son ni verdes ni sostenibles, ya que vulneran derechos humanos y contribuyen a la degradación ambiental. Con frecuencia, en lugar de abordar las causas estructurales del cambio climático, estos proyectos terminan agravando problemas existentes. Y las comunidades del Sur Global, pese a ser las menos responsables de la crisis climática, están siendo desproporcionadamente afectadas tanto por sus impactos como por la carrera hacia proyectos renovables a gran escala o falsas soluciones.

Por ello, nuestras organizaciones miembro y aliadas abogan por un enfoque de transición energética justa y transformación económica liderado por las comunidades, que reconozca a las comunidades como actores clave en la toma de decisiones — con las mujeres y los pueblos indígenas al frente — y que sitúe sus conocimientos y prioridades en el centro de las políticas energéticas globales.

Además, muchas comunidades en África y en el Sur Global carecen de acceso a energía segura y sostenible; por lo tanto, cualquier trabajo sobre “transiciones” energéticas justas debe priorizar el acceso a energía confiable, asequible, digna y equitativa, especialmente para las comunidades más marginadas.

To mitigate and avoid the worst effects of climate change, world leaders and policymakers have called for profound structural transformations and a “just energy transition”. Countries and institutions across the globe are now scaling up renewable and low-carbon energy solutions, while phasing out fossil fuels. But behind the slogans about «climate finance», “green growth” and “sustainability”, the current approach to the just energy transition is marred with contradictions, as it has been used as a smokescreen to keep pursuing a neoliberal and extractivist approach.

 

 

 

 

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